Here in this example I walked a slow 12-bar major blues in the "electric blues" style that you'd hear in some of B.B. King's tunes. Walking a slow blues can be trickier than you may think because everything you do is very exposed...your note choice, your time, duration of notes and even sound.
A key harmonic component to the blues, as a form, is the movement of the I chord to the IV chord. This example is a standard 12-bar blues where the first four bars are on the I chord and then in bar 5 we move to the IV chord. This harmonic movement is really important to be conscious of. Learn to hear this in the music you play and listen to because it's the harmonic soul of the blues form. There can be substitutions used in place of the IV chord, but those are the "exceptions to the rule." In fact, the movement of the I chord to the IV chord is so intrinsic to the blues form, that going to any other chord is probably an intentional "surprise" planned by the composer! OK, where was I? ;-) After bars 5 & 6 on the IV chord we return back home to the I chord for two more bars. Bar 9 starts us on the turnaround (Get used to this term "turnaround" because it's a common phrase that could mean any progression that leads you back to the home key). In this example, we use the V – IV – I turnaround.
In a slow song, it's very important for us as bass players to find the subdivision that best fits the feel of the groove as fast as we can. As I mentioned above, slow tunes can be tricky because our time is very exposed. By "time," in this context, I am referring to the consistency of our placement of the beat and the subdivision that we are feeling. In a quarter-note walking line, the subdivision you are feeling will be most apparent in any fills you may play, so be cognizant of that.
In this example, which is extremely common in a slow blues, the subdivision that the band and I were feeling was the triplet. That means that we are feeling three equal beats inside of every quarter note. I&a 2&a 3&a 4&a, etc. All of my fills in my line either articulated every partial of the triplet ("partial" here means each of the subdivisions, so here we are subdividing in triplets, so there are three equal partials) or articulated the first and third partial (i.e. if you count the triplet like 1&a, 2&a, etc., then I played 1 a, 2 a, etc.).
What is a "walking bassline?" A walking bassline is a quarter-note bassline that outlines the chord progression of a tune. Playing a great line is a challenging job to do! Ideally what you want to do is to play a line that clearly outlines the chord progression, but also leads your ear to each chord in the tune. If you do this well, the musicians in the band will be able to hear where they are going before they get there. How do you do that?
A line consists of three possible ingredients: scale, arpeggio or chromaticism. Meaning you can play an ascending or descending line choosing notes in order from the scale that best fits the chord you are playing over. Another approach would be to use the appropriate arpeggio to outline the chord. You wouldn't want to always do one or the other because it would probably sound pretty boring or stale. By mixing scale and arpeggio lines you can really start to create more interesting lines. But with the addition of the third option, chromaticism, you have the seasoning! You can't have a meal with just seasoning alone, but when you use the right amount, you can have a really tasty dish – this is the same for the use of chromaticism!
Another musical tip is to think about note length – be aware of the length of your notes and be able to control them for a musical purpose. For example, check out the way I play the V chord on the last bar of the blues. I use staccato (or short) notes for a percussive purpose and then legato (long singing) notes when playing a more melodic figure. Always be aware of your sound! Your sound on your instrument is the first thing that people will hear when you play...only musicians will analyze your note choices and rhythmic variation. EVERYONE will hear your sound and feel your time-feel.
Throughout this bassline I chose to play it in one position across the neck. The advantage to this is that it eliminates shifting, which is something to consider since most mistakes on the bass occur either due to a shift or string crossing. There is a sonic difference between each string though, so you should be aware of that. The strings get progressively darker as you go down to the lower strings. Positional playing has some great advantages too, including when reading written music, since you can't take your eyes off the page. I'm just throwing this out there as food for thought. (My TrueFire course
Bass Soloing Studies Vol. 1 really focuses on playing positionally, so please check that out if you're interested digging into playing across the neck.)
To summarize:
- Stay in the pocket with the drums. Really enjoy the space and the feeling of locking with the drummer.
- Subdivide. Find the right subdivision that is called for the song you're playing and make sure that it's the same that drummer is feeling! (In this slow walking blues we're using the triplet.)
- Focus on giving a strong melodic direction to your line. Be sure you are not only outlining the chord changes, but also melodically leading everyone to the next chord.
- Think about the use of chromatic passing tones and blue notes. (Use these carefully.)